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Cape Otway Lighthouse is a lighthouse on Cape Otway in southern Victoria, Australia. It is Australia's oldest working lighthouse.〔(Cape Otway ). Otways Accommodation. retrieved on 09 June 2014〕 During winter to spring, the lighthouse is a vantage point for land-based whale watching as migrating whales swim very close to shores. The government reserved the tip of the cape as the site for a lighthouse. Access to the site was difficult; it was eventually reached overland and construction of the Cape Otway Lightstation began in 1846 from stone quarried at the Parker River. The light was first lit in 1848 using a first order Fresnel lens; it was the second lighthouse completed on mainland Australia and it remains the oldest surviving lighthouse in mainland Australia.〔(Cape Otway Lightstation )〕 It was decommissioned in January 1994 after being the longest continuous operating light on the Australian mainland. At the keeper's cottages of Apollo Bay, accommodation is available in two double studios or in the head keeper's cottage that will sleep groups ranging from two to sixteen people.〔(Australia’s iconic lighthouses ), Australian Geographic, 26 July 2010〕 A telegraph station was added to the site when Tasmania was connected to the mainland by a submarine telegraph line from Cape Otway to Launceston in 1859. Eight ships were wrecked along the coast of Cape Otway.〔Australia's Great Ocean Road. (Shipwrecks )〕 These included the ''Marie'' (1851), ''Sacramento'' (1853), ''Schomberg'' (1855), ''Loch Ard'' (1878), ''Joseph H. Scammell'' (May 1891), ''Fiji'' (September 1891) and the ''Casino'' in 1932. The first American vessel sunk during World War II, the SS ''City of Rayville'', was also sunk off the Cape by a German mine in 1940, which sank less than 24 hours after the British Ship S.S. Cambridge off Wilsons Promontory. The Americans built a radar bunker on the cape in 1942 which is now open to the public. The lightstation was decommissioned in January 1994 after being the longest continuous operating light on the Australian mainland. It has been replaced by a low powered solar light in front of the original tower〔 whose focal plane is at 73 m above sea level. Its light characteristic is three white flashes every 18 seconds.〔 name="rowlett"/> ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cape Otway Lighthouse」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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